Indian Journal of Science and Research

Title: ETHNO-MEDICINAL PLANTS OF JHARKHAND, INDIA
Author: Birendra Kumar Roy, Ashok Kumar Mondal, Satish Mohabe
Keyword: Ethanobotany Studies, Jharkhand State, Flora, Tribals, Medicinal Plants.
Page No: 01-09

Abstract: The present paper describes some important ethno medicinal plants of Jharkhand, which are being used by various tribes for the treatment of forty major groups of diseases, disorders and ailments (Abor tion, asthma, bone fracture, burns, contraceptives, cough and cold, diaorrhoea and dysentery, diabetes, digestive disorder, delivery, dog bite, ear trouble, epilepsy, eye complaints, fever, gum diseases, headache, jaundice, leprosy, leucorrhoea, miscarriage, pains, piles, post-delivery complaints, rheumatism, scorpion sting, skin diseases, snake bite, swelling, throat sore, toothache, tuberculosis, urinary disorder, venereal diseases, veterinary, vomiting, vermifuge, weakness, wound and as wormicide). These plant species have been arranged alphabetically in each group along with author citation, parts used and local names in parenthesis. Keywords: Ethanobotany Studies, Jharkhand State, Flora, Tribals, Medicinal Plants. Download PDF

Title: ETHNO-MEDICINAL PLANTS OF JHARKHAND, INDIA
Author: Birendra Kumar Roy, Ashok Kumar Mondal, Satish Mohabe
Keyword: Ethanobotany Studies, Jharkhand State, Flora, Tribals, Medicinal Plants.
Page No: 01-09

Abstract: The present paper describes some important ethno medicinal plants of Jharkhand, which are being used by various tribes for the treatment of forty major groups of diseases, disorders and ailments (Abor tion, asthma, bone fracture, burns, contraceptives, cough and cold, diaorrhoea and dysentery, diabetes, digestive disorder, delivery, dog bite, ear trouble, epilepsy, eye complaints, fever, gum diseases, headache, jaundice, leprosy, leucorrhoea, miscarriage, pains, piles, post-delivery complaints, rheumatism, scorpion sting, skin diseases, snake bite, swelling, throat sore, toothache, tuberculosis, urinary disorder, venereal diseases, veterinary, vomiting, vermifuge, weakness, wound and as wormicide). These plant species have been arranged alphabetically in each group along with author citation, parts used and local names in parenthesis. Keywords: Ethanobotany Studies, Jharkhand State, Flora, Tribals, Medicinal Plants. Download PDF

Title: FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CARBAMAZEPINE TRANSDERMAL PATCHES: IN VITRO AND EX VIVO
Author: Deependra Singh and Manoj Kumar Mishra
Keyword: Carbamazepine, Transdermal, Drug Release, Skin Permeation, Transdermal Patches, Mechanical Properties.
Page No: 10-17

Abstract: Objective: The aim of the investigation was to develop and evaluate matrix type transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) of Carbamazepine (CBZ). Experimental: The matrix type TDDS of CBZ were prepar ed by solvent evaporation technique. Ten formulations (composed of Eudragit RL 100 and Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in the ratios of 5:0, 4:1, 3:2, 2:3, 1:4 in formulations A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and Eudragit RS 100 and Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in the same ratios in formulation B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 respectively) were prepared. All formulations carried 6 % v/w of carvone as penetration enhancer and 15% v/w of propylene glycol as plasticizer in dichloromethane and methanol as solvent system. The prepared TDDS were evaluated for in vitro release, ex vivo permeation, moisture absorption, and moisture content and mechanical properties. The physicochemical interactions between Carbamazepine and polymers were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Results: The maximum drug release in 24 hrs for A series formulations were 89.29% (A4) and 86.17% for B series (B5), which are significantly (p < 0.01) different to the lowest values (57.58 for A1 and 50.64 for B1). Again formulations A4 (flux 23.51 µg/hr/cm2) and B5 (flux 22.98 µg/hr/cm2) showed maximum skin permeation in the respective series. The flux obtained with formulation A4 and B5 meets the required flux (19.10 µg/hr/cm2). The mechanical properties, tensile strength, elastic modulus (3.42 kg/mm2 for A4 and 4.25 kg/mm2 for B5) reveal that the formulations were found to be strong but not brittle. FTIR studies did not show any evidence of interaction between the drug and the polymers. Conclusion: Carbamazepine matrix type transdermal therapeutic systems could be prepared with the required flux having suitable mechanical properties. Keywords: Carbamazepine, Transdermal, Drug Release, Skin Permeation, Transdermal Patches, Mechanical Properties. . Download PDF

Title: FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CARBAMAZEPINE TRANSDERMAL PATCHES: IN VITRO AND EX VIVO
Author: Deependra Singh and Manoj Kumar Mishra
Keyword: Carbamazepine, Transdermal, Drug Release, Skin Permeation, Transdermal Patches, Mechanical Properties.
Page No: 10-17

Abstract: Objective: The aim of the investigation was to develop and evaluate matrix type transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) of Carbamazepine (CBZ). Experimental: The matrix type TDDS of CBZ were prepar ed by solvent evaporation technique. Ten formulations (composed of Eudragit RL 100 and Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in the ratios of 5:0, 4:1, 3:2, 2:3, 1:4 in formulations A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and Eudragit RS 100 and Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in the same ratios in formulation B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 respectively) were prepared. All formulations carried 6 % v/w of carvone as penetration enhancer and 15% v/w of propylene glycol as plasticizer in dichloromethane and methanol as solvent system. The prepared TDDS were evaluated for in vitro release, ex vivo permeation, moisture absorption, and moisture content and mechanical properties. The physicochemical interactions between Carbamazepine and polymers were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Results: The maximum drug release in 24 hrs for A series formulations were 89.29% (A4) and 86.17% for B series (B5), which are significantly (p < 0.01) different to the lowest values (57.58 for A1 and 50.64 for B1). Again formulations A4 (flux 23.51 µg/hr/cm2) and B5 (flux 22.98 µg/hr/cm2) showed maximum skin permeation in the respective series. The flux obtained with formulation A4 and B5 meets the required flux (19.10 µg/hr/cm2). The mechanical properties, tensile strength, elastic modulus (3.42 kg/mm2 for A4 and 4.25 kg/mm2 for B5) reveal that the formulations were found to be strong but not brittle. FTIR studies did not show any evidence of interaction between the drug and the polymers. Conclusion: Carbamazepine matrix type transdermal therapeutic systems could be prepared with the required flux having suitable mechanical properties. Keywords: Carbamazepine, Transdermal, Drug Release, Skin Permeation, Transdermal Patches, Mechanical Properties. . Download PDF

Title: FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VALSARTAN FLOATING BIOADHESIVE SYSTEM USING OPTIMIZED POLYMER BLENDS INDIA
Author: Kamlesh Patel, Rajendra Chouksey
Keyword: Valsartan, Carbopol 934P, Gastro Retentive Floating Bioadhesive Tablets, HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M, Polymer Blends.
Page No: 18-28

Abstract: Oral sustained release gastro retentive dosage forms offer several advantages for drugs having absorption from the upper gastrointestinal tract to improve the bioavailability of medications which have narrow absorption window. The aim of the study was to develop a floating bioadhesive drug delivery system exhibiting a unique combination of floatation and bioadhesion to prolong the residence in the stomach using Valsartan as a model drug. Prior to compression, polymeric blend(s) were evaluated for flow properties. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method using bioadhesive polymer like Carbopol 934P and hydrophilic polymers like HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, and HPMC K100M. The prepared tablets were evaluated for physical characteristics, bioadhesive strength, buoyancy lag time, swelling index and in vitro drug release studies. The mean bioadhesive strength was found to be in the range of 16.2 to 52.1 gm. The optimized blend (F11) showed 92.3% drug releases after 24 hrs. Whilst, increase in concentration of carbopol 934P, bioadhesive strength and swelling index was increased with slow release. The n values of optimized formulations were found in the range of 0.631-0.719 indicating non-fickian anomalous type transport mechanism. The study aided in developing an ideal once-a-day gastro retentive floating drug delivery system with improved floating, swelling and bioadhesive characteristics with better bioavailability. Key words: Valsartan, Carbopol 934P, Gastro Retentive Floating Bioadhesive Tablets, HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M, Polymer Blends. Download PDF

Title: FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VALSARTAN FLOATING BIOADHESIVE SYSTEM USING OPTIMIZED POLYMER BLENDS INDIA
Author: Kamlesh Patel, Rajendra Chouksey
Keyword: Valsartan, Carbopol 934P, Gastro Retentive Floating Bioadhesive Tablets, HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M, Polymer Blends.
Page No: 18-28

Abstract: Oral sustained release gastro retentive dosage forms offer several advantages for drugs having absorption from the upper gastrointestinal tract to improve the bioavailability of medications which have narrow absorption window. The aim of the study was to develop a floating bioadhesive drug delivery system exhibiting a unique combination of floatation and bioadhesion to prolong the residence in the stomach using Valsartan as a model drug. Prior to compression, polymeric blend(s) were evaluated for flow properties. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method using bioadhesive polymer like Carbopol 934P and hydrophilic polymers like HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, and HPMC K100M. The prepared tablets were evaluated for physical characteristics, bioadhesive strength, buoyancy lag time, swelling index and in vitro drug release studies. The mean bioadhesive strength was found to be in the range of 16.2 to 52.1 gm. The optimized blend (F11) showed 92.3% drug releases after 24 hrs. Whilst, increase in concentration of carbopol 934P, bioadhesive strength and swelling index was increased with slow release. The n values of optimized formulations were found in the range of 0.631-0.719 indicating non-fickian anomalous type transport mechanism. The study aided in developing an ideal once-a-day gastro retentive floating drug delivery system with improved floating, swelling and bioadhesive characteristics with better bioavailability. Key words: Valsartan, Carbopol 934P, Gastro Retentive Floating Bioadhesive Tablets, HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M, Polymer Blends. Download PDF

Title: A STUDY OF REGULATORY AND TECHNOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERIES.
Author: Vinay Anand, Himanshu Sharma*, Bhagwan Shree Ram, Dharmendra Dubey
Keyword: Waste Management; Electric Vehicle; Batteries; Transportation, Solar, Photovoltaic
Page No: 29-35

Abstract: To prevent a waste issue in the future, it is necessary to find multidisciplinary solutions to deal with lithium-ion batteries that have reached the end of their useful lives and are utilized in elect ric vehicles. Using both legal and scientific viewpoints, this article criticizes battery waste management rules and regulations that ignore technological progress, particularly in terms of developing a market for EV batteries that are subject to electrochemical performance, durability, and safety standards as well as recycling lithium-ion battery. The new Batteries Regulation is also discussed, which is crucial for the direction of the policy going forward, Also discussed renewable sources of energy like solar rooftops will help slow and continuous charging may be an added advantage to enhance the life of the battery. Keywords: Waste Management; Electric Vehicle; Batteries; Transportation, Solar, Photovoltaic Download PDF

Title: A STUDY OF REGULATORY AND TECHNOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERIES.
Author: Vinay Anand, Himanshu Sharma*, Bhagwan Shree Ram, Dharmendra Dubey
Keyword: Waste Management; Electric Vehicle; Batteries; Transportation, Solar, Photovoltaic
Page No: 29-35

Abstract: To prevent a waste issue in the future, it is necessary to find multidisciplinary solutions to deal with lithium-ion batteries that have reached the end of their useful lives and are utilized in elect ric vehicles. Using both legal and scientific viewpoints, this article criticizes battery waste management rules and regulations that ignore technological progress, particularly in terms of developing a market for EV batteries that are subject to electrochemical performance, durability, and safety standards as well as recycling lithium-ion battery. The new Batteries Regulation is also discussed, which is crucial for the direction of the policy going forward, Also discussed renewable sources of energy like solar rooftops will help slow and continuous charging may be an added advantage to enhance the life of the battery. Keywords: Waste Management; Electric Vehicle; Batteries; Transportation, Solar, Photovoltaic Download PDF

Title: HEALTH LAWS IN INDIA: A LEGAL & JUDICIAL ANALYSIS
Author: Prof.(Dr.) S.P. Mishra, Dr. Anjali Dixit and Prof ( Dr) Mrityunjai Pandey.
Keyword: Health, Globalization, Hurdles, Supervision, Legislative frameworks
Page No: 36-38

Abstract: The Globalization has a lot of hurdles on the health prospects, with all this health sectors have various good opportunities with only few risks. Current hurdle in the health sector is work in a mini mum benefits with maximum serve in this globalization. With the main object is to work for the benefits of the human being and protect their human rights, fundamental rights and all other rights. All these are basically possible with the help of States organizations. With the positive cooperation of state, we can solve the hurdles. By enforcement of better health policies, effective legislations we can benefits societies. Health sector also deals with the proper protection of environment, by proper disposing of medical waste materials. From Health education to Health services everything is under the control and supervision of Legislative frameworks in India. Positively, India becomes a rising health hub for the various countries due to its rich facilities and cheapest services. Download PDF

Title: HEALTH LAWS IN INDIA: A LEGAL & JUDICIAL ANALYSIS
Author: Prof.(Dr.) S.P. Mishra, Dr. Anjali Dixit and Prof ( Dr) Mrityunjai Pandey.
Keyword: Health, Globalization, Hurdles, Supervision, Legislative frameworks
Page No: 36-38

Abstract: The Globalization has a lot of hurdles on the health prospects, with all this health sectors have various good opportunities with only few risks. Current hurdle in the health sector is work in a mini mum benefits with maximum serve in this globalization. With the main object is to work for the benefits of the human being and protect their human rights, fundamental rights and all other rights. All these are basically possible with the help of States organizations. With the positive cooperation of state, we can solve the hurdles. By enforcement of better health policies, effective legislations we can benefits societies. Health sector also deals with the proper protection of environment, by proper disposing of medical waste materials. From Health education to Health services everything is under the control and supervision of Legislative frameworks in India. Positively, India becomes a rising health hub for the various countries due to its rich facilities and cheapest services. Download PDF

	Fast reviewing process: Adopting the fast reviewing process we communicate with authors at all stages till publication. Proactive teams of reviewers from National and International front help us to complete the process within the time.
	IJSR dose not impose any publication fee or processing charges.
	Fast reviewing process: Adopting the fast reviewing process we communicate with authors at all stages till publication. Proactive teams of reviewers from National and International front help us to complete the process within the time.
	IJSR dose not impose any publication fee or processing charges.